Análise das produções científicas sobre atenção integral à saúde do homem: revista Nursing brasileira / Analysis of scientific productions on comprehensive care for men's health: Brazilian Nursing magazine

Objetiva-se analisar as produções cientificas sobre a atenção integral da saúde do homem na Revista Nursing brasileira, São Paulo. Método: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, utilizando as bases de dados LILACS e BDENF, o corte epistemológico foi de 2009 a 2019, a amostra final constituiu-se de 10 artigos. Resultados: os dados analisados foram divididos a partir de associações temáticas, em quatro categorias: acesso e acolhimento; saúde sexual e saúde reprodutiva; doenças prevalentes na população masculina e prevenção de violência e acidentes. Conclui-se que o cuidado integral a saúde do homem, e colocá-los como sujeito do cuidado, com autonomia, independência e responsabilidade social.(AU)

The objective is to analyze scientific productions on comprehensive men's health care in the Brazilian Nursing Journal, São Paulo. Method: This is an integrative literature review, using the LILACS and BDENF databases, the epistemological cut was from 2009 to 2019, the final sample consisted of 10 articles. Results: The data analyzed was divided into four categories based on thematic associations: access and reception; sexual health and reproductive health; prevalent diseases in the male population; and prevention of violence and accidents. The conclusion is that comprehensive care for men's health should place them as the subject of care, with autonomy, independence and social responsibility.(AU)

El objetivo es analizar la producción científica sobre atención integral a la salud masculina en la Revista Brasileña de Enfermería, São Paulo. Método: Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica integradora, utilizando las bases de datos LILACS y BDENF, el corte epistemológico fue de 2009 a 2019, la muestra final constó de 10 artículos. Resultados: Los datos analizados se dividieron en cuatro categorías a partir de asociaciones temáticas: acceso y acogida; salud sexual y salud reproductiva; enfermedades prevalentes en la población masculina; y prevención de violencia y accidentes. Se concluye que la atención integral a la salud del hombre debe colocarlo como sujeto de cuidados, con autonomía, independencia y responsabilidad social.(AU)

Alpha-lipoic acid does not improve olfactory training results in olfactory loss due to COVID-19: a double-blind randomized trial

Abstract Objectives Olfactory loss is a recognized long-term dysfunction after Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. This investigation aimed to assess the effect of alpha-lipoic acid as an adjuvant treatment of olfactory training on the improvement of smell loss in post-COVID-19 patients. Methods This randomized controlled trial included 128 adult outpatients who had persistent smell loss for more than 3-months after COVID-19 infection. The participants were randomly allocated into two groups: the intervention treatment group, which received alpha-lipoic acid associated to olfactory training, and comparison treatment group, which received placebo pills associated to olfactory training. The participants were followed-up for 12-weeks. Olfactory dysfunction was assessed in terms of Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) test for the Brazilian population. Results A total of 100 participants completed the follow-up period and were analyzed in this study. Both groups have improved CCCRC score (p= 0.000), olfactory threshold (p= 0.000), identification score (p= 0.000) and VAS score (p= 0.000) after 12-weeks follow-up. No significant differences were determined between the intervention and comparison treatment groups in CCCRC score (p= 0.63), olfactory threshold (p= 0.50), identification score (p= 0.96) and VAS score (p= 0.97). In all these criteria, comparison treatment group went slightly worse. At the endpoint of the study, the frequency of anosmia reduced to 2% in the intervention treatment group and to 7.8% in the comparison treatment group. Also, 16.8% of the intervention group' subjects, and 15.7% of comparison treatment group's patients reached normosmia. Conclusions Overall, there was a strongly significant difference in olfactory function between baseline and endpoint for both groups. However, based on the lack of significant difference between the intervention treatment and the comparison treatment groups in terms of olfactory changes, our study appoints that the alpha-lipoic acid is not better than olfactory training alone to treat olfactory loss after COVID-19. Level of evidence Level 2.

Análise das urgências odontológicas durante a pandemia da covid-19 / Analysis of dental emergencies during the COVID-19 pandemic

Aim: to analyze, between 2019-2021, the quantitative changes in dental emergencies (DE) in Brazil and its regions. Materials and Methods: Data collected in the Primary Care Health Information System (SISAB) from 2019 to 2021. The DE represented by dentoalveolar abscess (DAA) and toothache (TA). 2019 was the control (non-pandemic), and 2020-21 the exposure year. Durbin-Conover's Friedman and Post-Hoc tests used a significance level of 5%. The data's organization used the percentage difference to facilitate analysis. Results: For Brazil in 2021, the percentage difference with 2019 suggests that DAA (-2.16%, p=1.0) and TA (+14.94%, p=0.064) returned to values after fall of 2020. The South region, in 2020, had no decrease in DAA (-5.48%, p=0.436) and TA (+3.7%, p<0.001) in 2020, and an increase in both in 2021 (DAA: +26.86%, p<0.001; TA: +51.06%, p<0.001). Discussion: In 2021, in Brazil, limited elective access and resumption of DAA and increase in TA suggest worsening the oral health and quality of life. The DAA and TA results in the South region do not provide plausible evidence to understand the unchanged values in 2020 and the considerable increase in 2021. Conclusion: Regardless of the pandemic, elective access still struggles to offer universal acessing, equitable, and the need of investments are essentials to prevent public services from becoming just gateways for relieving pain and suffering.

Objetivo: analisar, entre 2019-2021, as alterações quantitativas nas urgências odontológicas (UO) no Brasil e suas regiões. Materiais e Métodos: Dados coletados no Sistema de Informação em Saúde da Atenção Básica (SISAB) no período de 2019 a 2021. A representação das UO foi pelo abscesso dento-alveolar (ADA) e dor de dente (DD). O ano de 2019 foi o ano de controle (não pandêmico) e 2020-21 os de exposição. Os testes Friedman e Post-Hoc de Durbin-Conover utilizaram nível de significância de 5%. Os dados foram organizados pela diferença percentual para facilitar a análise. Resultados: Para o Brasil em 2021, a diferença percentual com 2019 sugerem que o ADA (-2,16%, p=1,0) e a DD (+14,94%, p=0,064) retomaram os valores, após a queda de 2020. A região Sul, em 2020, não teve queda em ADA (-5,48%, p=0,436) e DD (+3,7%, p<0,001) em 2020, e aumento em ambos em 2021 (ADA: +26,86%, p<0,001; DD: +51,06%, p<0,001). Discussão: Em 2021, no Brasil, o limitado acesso eletivo e a retomada da ADA e aumento da DD sugerem piora na saúde bucal e na qualidade de vida. Os resultados de ADA e DD na região Sul não apresentam evidências plausíveis para compreender a inalteração de valores em 2020 e o considerável aumento em 2021. Conclusão: Independentemente a pandemia, o acesso eletivo ainda luta para ser universal, equânime e os investimentos precisam ser retomados para evitar que os serviços públicos se tornem em apenas portas de entrada de alívio dor e sofrimento.

Efficacy, Safety, and Acceptability of Misoprostol in the Treatment of Incomplete Miscarriage: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis / Eficácia, segurança e aceitabilidade do misoprostol no tratamento do aborto incompleto: Uma revisão sistemática e metanálise

Abstract Objective To assess the efficacy, safety, and acceptability of misoprostol in the treatment of incomplete miscarriage. Data sources The PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Clinical Trials databases (clinicaltrials.gov) were searched for the relevant articles, and search strategies were developed using a combination of thematic Medical Subject Headings terms and text words. The last search was conducted on July 4, 2022. No language restrictions were applied. Selection of studies Randomized clinical trials with patients of gestational age up to 6/7 weeks with a diagnosis of incomplete abortion and who were managed with at least 1 of the 3 types of treatment studied were included. A total of 8,087 studies were screened. Data collection Data were synthesized using the statistical package Review Manager V.5.1 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, United Kingdom). For dichotomous outcomes, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were derived for each study. Heterogeneity between the trial results was evaluated using the standard test, I2 statistic. Data synthesis When comparing misoprostol with medical vacuum aspiration (MVA), the rate of complete abortion was higher in the MVA group (OR = 0.16; 95%CI = 0.07-0.36). Hemorrhage or heavy bleeding was more common in the misoprostol group (OR = 3.00; 95%CI = 1.96-4.59), but pain after treatment was more common in patients treated with MVA (OR = 0.65; 95%CI = 0.52-0.80). No statistically significant differences were observed in the general acceptability of the treatments. Conclusion Misoprostol has been determined as a safe option with good acceptance by patients.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a eficácia, segurança e aceitabilidade do misoprostol no tratamento do aborto incompleto. Fontes de dados Os bancos de dados PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library e bancos de dados de Ensaios Clínicos (clinicaltrials.gov) foram pesquisados para os artigos relevantes, e estratégias de busca foram desenvolvidas usando uma combinação de termos temáticos de Medical Subject Headings e palavras de texto. A última pesquisa foi realizada em 4 de julho de 2022. Nenhuma restrição de idioma foi aplicada. Seleção dos estudos Foram incluídos ensaios clínicos randomizados com pacientes com idade gestacional até 6/7 semanas com diagnóstico de aborto incompleto e que foram manejadas com pelo menos um dos três tipos de tratamento estudados. Um total de 8.087 estudos foram selecionados. Coleta de dados Os dados foram sintetizados usando o pacote estatístico Review Manager V.5.1 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, United Kingdom). Para resultados dicotômicos, o odds ratio (OR, na sigla em inglês) e o intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95% foram derivados para cada estudo. A heterogeneidade entre os resultados do ensaio foi avaliada usando o teste padrão, estatística I2. Síntese dos dados Ao comparar misoprostol com aspiração a vácuo médico (MVA, na sigla em inglês), a taxa de aborto completo foi maior no grupo MVA (OR = 0,16; IC95% = 0,07-0,36). Hemorragia ou sangramento intenso foi mais comum no grupo do misoprostol (OR = 3,00; 95%CI = 1,96-4,59), mas a dor após o tratamento foi mais comum em pacientes tratados com MVA (OR = 0,65; 95%CI = 0,52-0,80). Não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas na aceitabilidade geral dos tratamentos. Conclusão O misoprostol tem se mostrado uma opção segura e com boa aceitação pelos pacientes.

Clinical-epidemiological characterization of patients submitted to hemodialysis according to the national kidney foundation, the kidney disease outcomes quality initiative ­ KDOQI in a hemodialysis reference center in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil

Introduction: hemodialysis is a treatment that helps in the survival of patients with renal failure, through an established cardiopulmonary bypass to carry out blood filtration, as a result, there is a need for a feasible, lasting and effective vascular access. There are two types of vascular access, arteriovenous fistulas, using autogenous veins or prostheses, and venous catheters. The indications for choosing the type of vascular access are related to the characteristics and restriction of use of each patient.Objective: to analyze the epidemiological, demographic and clinical profile of patients undergoing hemodialysis in two reference services in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil, and compare the clinical-surgical processes with those defined by the Kidney Guidelines disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI).Methods: data were collected in two public hospitals, with patients undergoing hemodialysis, through registration forms and medical records, from August to December 2016. The volunteers were informed about the procedures and objectives of the study and, after agreeing, they signed a consent form. The variables age, gender, weight, height, body mass index, hemodialysis time, types of accesses already used , complications related to the accesses and underlying disease were analyzed. Patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis of both genders, with no age restriction, were included. Patients not able to perform one of the techniques, arteriovenous fistula or catheter, were excluded . The collected data were compared with the Kidney guidelines disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI).Results: a total of 252 individuals were included, of which 182 are patients undergoing reference hospital treatment in the city of São Bernardo do Campo, SP and 70 patients at the State University Hospital Mário Covas, a State reference in the clinical management of patients undergoing hemodialysis care.Conclusion: chronic kidney disease is highly prevalent with progression to end-stage chronic kidney failure (dialysis). The definition of the epidemiological profile of the population undergoing treatment, as well as the journey of venous accesses for hemodialysis (catheters and fistulas), are fundamental for the multidisciplinary team's learning curve about complications throughout the course of the disease/treatment. Furthermore, the clinical-surgical management of this population is in line with the guidelines of the National Kidney Foundation. The treatment performed in these hemodialysis centers is efficient and in line with what the KDOQI recommends.

Papel da imagem na indicação da eletroporação irreversível no manejo terapêutico do adenocarcinoma de pâncreas / Role of imaging in the applicability of irreversible electroporation for the management of pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Resumo O adenocarcinoma ductal de pâncreas é uma das neoplasias malignas mais agressivas, com taxas de sobrevivência anuais inferiores a 20%. Os métodos axiais (tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética) têm papel fundamental no diagnóstico e estadiamento da doença, por fornecerem adequada resolução anatômica na avaliação de estruturas-chave, principalmente vasculares. O adenocarcinoma ductal de pâncreas é frequentemente descoberto em estágios avançados e sem viabilidade de ressecção cirúrgica, e nesse cenário o desenvolvimento de alternativas terapêuticas minimamente invasivas tem sido ainda mais importante para a mudança de sua história natural. A eletroporação irreversível, procedimento intervencionista que minimiza efeitos deletérios nos tecidos adjacentes, vem se destacando no tratamento de lesões tradicionalmente consideradas irressecáveis. Essa técnica, apesar de ganhar cada vez mais espaço no manejo terapêutico do adenocarcinoma ductal de pâncreas, ainda é pouco familiar aos radiologistas. Neste estudo, buscamos expor, de forma sucinta e didática, os fundamentos da técnica, as principais características de imagem e os critérios de elegibilidade que devem ser considerados para indicação da eletroporação irreversível nessa doença.

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the most aggressive malignant neoplasms, with a one-year survival rate below 20%. Axial methods (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) play a fundamental role in the diagnosis and staging of the disease, because they provide adequate anatomical resolution in the assessment of key structures, mainly vascular structures. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is most often discovered in advanced stages, when surgical resection is no longer feasible. In that scenario, minimally invasive treatment alternatives have been developed in attempts to change the natural history of the disease. Irreversible electroporation, an interventional procedure that minimizes deleterious effects on adjacent tissues, has proven useful for the treatment of tumors traditionally considered unresectable. Despite the growing acknowledgment of this technique as a tool for the management of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, it is still relatively unknown among radiologists. In this study, we sought to provide an overview of the main characteristics and eligibility criteria that must be considered for the indication of irreversible electroporation in cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Desenvolvimento de competências para evacuação aeromédica em emergências e desastres: protocolo de revisão de escopo / Skill development for aeromedical evacuation in emergencies and disasters: a scoping review protocol

OBJETIVO: mapear a produção técnico-científica sobre as competências necessárias para o desenvolvimento de evacuações aeromédicas em situações de emergências e desastres envolvendo agentes químicos, biológicos, radiológicos e nucleares. MÉTODO: protocolo de revisão de escopo. A elaboração deste protocolo foi baseada nas recomendações do Instituto Joanna Briggs, atendendo às recomendações do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Este protocolo orientará o processo de identificação de fontes de informação, extração de dados e análise de resultados, a partir da necessidade de dar suporte à análise das ações de capacitação de equipes de saúde frente às demandas clínicas e gerenciais a serem criteriosamente observadas em tais situações.

OBJECTIVE: to map the technical-scientific production on the skills necessary for aeromedical evacuation in emergency and disaster situations involving chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear agents. METHOD: scoping review protocol. The elaboration of this protocol was based on the Joanna Briggs Institute's recommendations, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). This protocol will guide the identification of the sources of information, data extraction, and the analysis of the results based on the need to support the analysis of training actions for health teams facing clinical and managerial demands that must be carefully considered in such situations.

Competências da enfermagem forense em situações de desastres: protocolo de revisão de escopo / Forensic nursing competencies in disaster situations: a scoping review protocol

OBJETIVO: mapear fontes de informação técnico-científicas sobre as competências da enfermagem forense em situações de desastres. MÉTODO: protocolo de revisão de escopo, desenvolvido em conformidade com a metodologia Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). A busca será realizada em três etapas, por dois revisores, de maneira independente, em bases de dados selecionadas e na literatura cinzenta, por meio das palavras-chaves e dos descritores. A seleção, inicialmente, será por meio de títulos, resumos e descritores, observando os critérios de inclusão. Posteriormente, os textos serão arquivados em pastas digitais e lidos na íntegra por dois pesquisadores com o apoio de instrumento. Após a extração dos dados, será procedida a análise de conteúdo. A síntese dos resultados será apresentada na forma de gráficos, diagramas, tabelas e fluxos, buscando-se os devidos alinhamentos com o objetivo e a pergunta de pesquisa.

OBJECTIVE: to map the sources of technical-scientific information on forensic nursing competencies in disaster situations. METHOD: scoping review protocol, developed following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology. The search will be carried out in three stages, by two reviewers, independently, in selected databases and the grey literature, using keywords and descriptors. The selection, initially, will be conducted through the screening of titles, abstracts, and descriptors, observing the inclusion criteria. Subsequently, the texts will be filed in digital folders and read in full by two researchers with the support of an instrument. After extracting the data, the content analysis will be carried out.The summary of the results will be presented using graphs ,diagrams ,tables ,and flow diagrams for the proper alignment with the review's objective and question.

Aplicativos sobre terapia intravenosa e prevenção de infecção de corrente sanguínea associada ao cateter: prospecção tecnológica / Applications on intravenous therapy and catheter-associated bloodstream infection prevention: technology prospection / Aplicaciones en terapia intravenosa y prevención de infecciones del torrente sanguíneo asociadas a catéteres: prospección tecnológica

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar aplicativos móveis sobre terapia intravenosa e prevenção de infecção de corrente sanguínea associada ao cateter. Método: prospecção tecnológica, com busca dos dados nas Bases de Patentes e Lojas Virtuais, a coleta dos dados ocorreu de maio a agosto de 2021. Critérios de inclusão: aplicativos móveis voltados para a Terapia Intravenosa; aplicativos móveis voltados para a prevenção de infecção de corrente sanguínea, a análise foi realizada de forma qualitativa comparativa, reconhecendo as funções desenvolvidas pelos aplicativos e seus potenciais para utilização na prática clínica. Resultados: 19 aplicativos foram selecionados e organizados em temáticas: aplicativos para auxiliar no cateterismo; aplicativos para manutenção de cateter; aplicativos sobre prevenção de infecção de corrente sanguínea; e aplicativo sobre diagnóstico de infecção de corrente sanguínea associada ao cateter. Conclusão: a identificação de poucos aplicativos sobre a temática serve de fomento para construção de novos aplicativos.

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify mobile applications on intravenous therapy and prevention of catheter-associated bloodstream infection. Method: technological prospection, with data search in Patent Bases and Virtual Stores, data collection occurred from May to August 2021. Inclusion criteria: mobile applications focused on Intravenous Therapy; mobile applications focused on the prevention of bloodstream infection. The analysis was carried out in a qualitative comparative way, recognizing the functions developed by the applications and their potential for use in clinical practice. Results: 19 applications were selected and organized into themes: applications to assist in catheterization; applications for catheter maintenance; applications on bloodstream infection prevention; and applications on diagnosis of catheter-associated bloodstream infection. Conclusion: The identification of few apps on the theme serves to promote the construction of new apps.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar aplicaciones móviles sobre terapia intravenosa y prevención de la infección del torrente sanguíneo asociada a catéteres. Método: prospección tecnológica, con búsqueda de datos en Bases de Patentes y Almacenes Virtuales, la recolección de datos ocurrió de mayo a agosto de 2021. Criterios de inclusión: aplicaciones móviles centradas en la Terapia Intravenosa; aplicaciones móviles centradas en la prevención de la infección del torrente sanguíneo, el análisis se realizó de forma cualitativa comparativa, reconociendo las funciones desarrolladas por las aplicaciones y su potencial de uso en la práctica clínica. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 19 aplicaciones y se organizaron en temas: aplicaciones para ayudar en el cateterismo; aplicaciones para el mantenimiento del cateterismo; aplicaciones sobre la prevención de la infección de transmisión sanguínea; y aplicación sobre el diagnóstico de la infección de transmisión sanguínea asociada al cateterismo. Conclusión: la identificación de pocas aplicaciones sobre el tema sirve de estímulo para la construcción de nuevas aplicaciones.

Echocardiogram in Critically ill Patients with COVID-19: ECOVID Study

Abstract Background Literature is scarce on echocardiographic characteristics of COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Objectives To describe echocardiographic characteristics of ICU COVID-19 patients and associate them with clinical signals/symptoms, laboratory findings and outcomes. Methods Patients with RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19, admitted to the ICU, who underwent echocardiography were included. Clinical characteristics associated with an abnormal echocardiogram (systolic ventricular dysfunction of any degree — left and/or right ventricle — and/or high filling pressures and/or moderate to severe pericardial effusion) were analyzed. Groups were compared using the Student's t-test, chi-square, and logistic regression. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 140 patients met inclusion criteria, and 74 (52.9%) had an abnormal echocardiogram. A low number of left and right ventricular systolic dysfunction was observed, and 35% of the population had a normal diastolic function. In the univariate analysis, characteristics associated with abnormal echocardiogram were age, chronic kidney disease, elevated troponin, previous heart failure, and simplified acute physiology score 3 (SAPS 3). In the regression model, troponin and SAPS3 score were independent markers of abnormal echocardiogram. An abnormal echocardiogram was associated with a higher prevalence of in-hospital death (RR 2.10; 95% CI 1.04-4.24) and orotracheal intubation (RR 2.3; 95% CI 1.14-4.78). Conclusions COVID-19 has little effect on ventricular function, but it is common to find increased filling pressures. Elevated serum troponin level and SAPS3 score were the independent markers of an abnormal echocardiogram. In addition, the prevalence of in-hospital death and need for mechanical ventilation were higher in patients with abnormal echocardiogram.

Construindo uma narrativa antirracista para a formação em enfermagem: relato de experiência de uma ação afirmativa em sala de aula / Constructing an antiracist narrative for training in nursing: an experience report of an affirmative action in the classroom / Construir una narrativa antirracista para la educación en enfermería: informe de la experiencia de una acción afirmativa en el aula

Objetivo: analisar, à luz Teoria Crítica da Raça, uma aula ministrada sobre o impacto do racismo e a importância das ações afirmativas na formação e atuação da enfermagem. Métodos: se trata de um relato de experiência de elaboração, organização e desenvolvimento de uma aula da disciplina de Enfermagem Psiquiátrica e Saúde Mental, realizada em 2022, com acadêmicos do sexto período de graduação, na modalidade de ensino remoto, pautado em metodologia ativa para propiciar dinamismo e criticidade na aprendizagem sobre racismo e as ações afirmativas e antirracistas na graduação em enfermagem. Resultados: a organização da aula resultou em três eixos temáticos, a saber, "Racismo: o ensino e a história das ações de cuidado nas filosofias africanas"; "Racismo: cuidado e teoria"; e "Racismo: formação profissional, prática do cuidar em enfermagem e as ações afirmativas em saúde", os quais foram percorridos em movimentos de teorização, discussão e proposição. Conclusão: aula sobre racismo como a que foi apresentada configura em relevante ação afirmativa para a formação decolonial de estudantes de enfermagem, que pode favorecer a construção de uma sociedade pautada na equidade racial.

Objective: to analyze, from the perspective of Critical Race Theory, a class about the impact of racism and the importance of affirmative actions for training and practice in nursing. Methods:experience report describing the preparation, organization, and development of a class in the subject entitled Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, taught in 2022 to sixth-term undergraduates as remote education. The class was based on an active methodology in order to promote dynamism and critical judgement in the learning about racism and affirmative and antiracist actions in an undergraduate nursing course. Results:class organization originated three thematic areas: "Racism: teaching and history of care actions in African philosophies"; "Racism: care and theory"; and "Racism: professional training, care practice in nursing, and affirmative actions in health". These areas were addressed by means of theorization, discussion, and proposition. Conclusion:a class about racism like the object of the present study is a relevant affirmative action for decolonial training of nursing students, which can favor the construction of a society based on racial equity.

Objetivo: analizar, a la luz de la Teoría Crítica de la Raza, una clase enseñada sobre el impacto del racismo y la importancia de la acción afirmativa en la formación y el desempeño de la enfermería. Métodos: este es un relato de experiencia de elaboración, organización y desarrollo de una clase de la disciplina de Enfermería Psiquiátrica y Salud Mental, realizada en 2022, con estudiantes del sexto período de graduación, en la modalidad de enseñanza remota, basada en metodología activa para proporcionar dinamismo y criticidad en el aprendizaje sobre el racismo y las acciones afirmativas y antirracistas en la graduación de enfermería. Resultados: la organización de la clase resultó en tres ejes temáticos, a saber, "Racismo: la enseñanza y la historia de las acciones de cuidado en las filosofías africanas"; "Racismo: cuidado y teoría"; y "Racismo: formación profesional, práctica asistencial de enfermería y acción afirmativa en salud", que fueron atravesados en movimientos de teorización, discusión y proposición. Conclusión: una clase sobre racismo como la presentada configura en acción afirmativa relevante para la formación descolonial de estudiantes de enfermería, que puede favorecer la construcción de una sociedad basada en la equidad racial.

Prediction of intensive care admission and hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients using demographics and baseline laboratory data

Abstract Introduction: Optimized allocation of medical resources to patients with COVID-19 has been a critical concern since the onset of the pandemic. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, the authors used data from a Brazilian tertiary university hospital to explore predictors of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission and hospital mortality in patients admitted for COVID-19. Our primary aim was to create and validate prediction scores for use in hospitals and emergency departments to aid clinical decisions and resource allocation. Results: The study cohort included 3,022 participants, of whom 2,485 were admitted to the ICU; 1968 survived, and 1054 died in the hospital. From the complete cohort, 1,496 patients were randomly assigned to the derivation sample and 1,526 to the validation sample. The final scores included age, comorbidities, and baseline laboratory data. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were very similar for the derivation and validation samples. Scores for ICU admission had a 75% accuracy in the validation sample, whereas scores for death had a 77% accuracy in the validation sample. The authors found that including baseline flu-like symptoms in the scores added no significant benefit to their accuracy. Furthermore, our scores were more accurate than the previously published NEWS-2 and 4C Mortality Scores. Discussion and conclusions: The authors developed and validated prognostic scores that use readily available clinical and laboratory information to predict ICU admission and mortality in COVID-19. These scores can become valuable tools to support clinical decisions and improve the allocation of limited health resources.

Vasculite por tuberculose ocular associada a eritema nodoso e à doença de Poncet / Ocular tuberculosis vasculitis associated with erythema nodosum and Poncet's disease

RESUMO A tuberculose intraocular deve ser sempre aventada como diagnóstico diferencial devido à sua alta significância nos agravos, além da alta morbidade da infecção sistêmica. Essa condição pode se apresentar associada a manifestações extraoculares pouco prevalentes da tuberculose. O autor relatou um caso de vasculite por tuberculose ocular, associada a eritema nodoso e à doença de Poncet, com resolução dos achados e sintomas após esquema padrão para tuberculose.

ABSTRACT Intraocular tuberculosis should always be deemed as a differential diagnosis due to its high importance, in addition to the high morbidity of systemic infection. This condition may be associated with extraocular manifestations that are not prevalent in tuberculosis. The author reported a case of ocular tuberculosis vasculitis associated with erythema nodosum and Poncet's disease, with resolution of the medical findings and symptoms after the standard treatment for tuberculosis.

Brief communication: Vitamin D serum levels in American tegumentary leishmaniasis from an endemic area in Northeast Brazil

Abstract Introduction The pathogenesis of cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis is associated with different immune responses. Vitamin D may modulate the immune system. Here we evaluate the association of vitamin D levels with the severity of the clinical forms of cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis. Methods We conducted an observational study evaluating the association between vitamin D levels, disease severity and therapeutic response in patients with cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis. Additionally, we conducted a cross-sectional study to compare vitamin D levels in patients with leishmaniasis and healthy subjects. Hypovitaminosis D was defined as a serum level of 25 (OH) D < 30 ng/mL. Results In patients with leishmaniasis, vitamin D serum levels were 38.5 ± 11.54 ng/mL, and 37.5 ± 10.43 ng/mL in healthy subjects The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was 23.3% and 20.0%, respectively (p = 0.72). There was no correlation between vitamin D serum levels, disease severity, and healing time in the mucosal leishmaniasis group. Conclusion Vitamin D levels are not associated with neither susceptibility nor severity of tegumentary leishmaniasis.

Transforming the invisible into the visible: disparities in the access to health in LGBT+ older people

Abstract Objectives: To compare variables of access to healthcare between the LGBT+ population aged 50 and over and those non-LGBT+. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Brazil through a confidential online questionnaire. The use of the health system was characterized by the number of preventive tests performed and measured by the PCATool-Brasil scale (a 10-point scale in which higher scores were associated with better assistance in healthcare). The association between being LGBT+ and access to health was analyzed in Poisson regression models. Results: 6693 participants (1332 LGBT+ and 5361 non-LGBT+) with a median age of 60 years were included. In the univariate analysis, it was observed not only lower scores on the PCATool scale (5.13 against 5.82, p < 0.001), but a greater proportion of individuals among those classified with the worst quintile of access to healthcare (< 4 points), 31% against 18% (p < 0.001). Being LGBT+ was an independent factor associated with worse access to health (PR = 2.5, 95% CI 2.04‒3.06). The rate of screening cancer, for breast, colon, and cervical cancer was also found to be lower in the LGBT+ population. Conclusion: Healthcare access and health service experiences were worse in the LGBT+ group than in their non-LGBT peers. Inclusive and effective healthcare public policies are essential to promote healthy aging for all.

Body composition assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry on metabolic profile and cardiovascular risk in obese patients prior to bariatric surgery / Composição corporal avaliada pela absortometria radiológica de dupla energia sobre o perfil metabólico e o risco cardiovascular em obesos antes da cirurgia bariátrica

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Fat, muscle, and bone are endocrine organs capable of affecting the metabolic profile and cardiovascular risk. Relating these components is important to the establishment of early intervention strategies for overweight patients. AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of body mass components on the metabolic profile and cardiovascular risk in the preoperative period of bariatric surgery. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with patients admitted for bariatric surgery at a university hospital in the city of Recife, Brazil, between 2018 and 2019. Body composition was determined using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Cardiovascular risk was assessed using the Framingham risk score. Data were collected on anthropometric, clinical, and lifestyle characteristics. The lipid profile (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides), blood glucose, and vitamin D were determined using the standard methods of the hospital laboratory. RESULTS: A total of 60 patients were analyzed, 86.7% of whom had comorbidities, 33.3% had moderate/high cardiovascular risk, and 71.4% had vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency. Lower lean body mass (adjusted PR 3.24; 95%CI 1.19-5.77) was independently associated with the severity of obesity. The body mass index and waist circumference were negatively correlated with lean body mass (r=-0.52; p<0.01)/r=-0.36; p<0.01). Lean body mass was negatively correlated with fat mass (r=-0.26; p<0.05), trunk fat (r=-0.29; p<0.05), fasting glucose (r=-0.26; p<0.05), and bone mineral density (r=-0.26; p<0.05). A total of 84.2% of individuals with less trunk fat tended to have low cardiovascular risk (p=0.05). However, physical inactivity (adjusted PR 2.14; 95%CI 1.19-5.54) and the risk of alcohol dependence (adjusted PR 2.41; 95%CI 1.76-4.15) were the only variables independently associated with cardiovascular risk. CONCLUSION: Obese patients in the preoperative period of bariatric surgery with less trunk fat tended to have low cardiovascular risk. However, the other components of body mass were also not associated with cardiovascular risk.

RESUMO RACIONAL: O tecido adiposo, músculos e ossos representam órgãos endócrinos, capazes de interferir no perfil metabólico e risco cardiovascular. Relacionar esses componentes será importante para estratégias de intervenção precoce, em obesos. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a influência dos compartimentos da massa corporal, sobre o perfil metabólico e risco cardiovascular, no pré-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, com pacientes admitidos para cirurgia bariátrica, em hospital universitário. A composição corporal foi avaliada pela absortometria radiológica de dupla energia e o risco cardiovascular pelo escore de risco de Framingham. Foram analisadas variáveis antropométricas, clínicas e de estilo de vida. Foi avaliado perfil lipídico (colesterol total, HDL-c, LDL-c, triglicerídeos), glicemia e vitamina D, utilizando a metodologia padrão. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 60 pacientes, 86,7% apresentavam comorbidades, 33,3% risco cardiovascular moderado/elevado e 71,4% insuficiência/deficiência de vitamina D. Menor massa corporal magra associou-se à gravidade da obesidade. O índice de massa corpórea e a circunferência da cintura correlacionaram-se negativamente com a massa corporal magra (r=-0,52; p<0,01)/r=-0,36; p<0,01). A massa corporal magra correlacionou-se negativamente com a massa gorda (r=-0,26; p<0,05), gordura troncular (r=-0,29; p<0,05), glicemia de jejum (r=-0,26; p<0,05) e densidade mineral óssea (r=-0,26; p<0,05). Ao todo, 84,2% dos indivíduos com menos gordura troncular apresentaram tendência a baixo risco cardiovascular (p=0,05). Contudo, inatividade física (razão de prevalência ajustada 2,14; IC95% 1,19-5,54) e risco de dependência alcoólica foram as únicas variáveis independentemente associadas ao risco cardiovascular. CONCLUSÕES: Os pacientes obesos em pré-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica com menos gordura troncular, apresentaram tendência a baixo risco cadiovascular. Contudo, o risco cardiovascular também não foi associado aos demais componentes da massa corporal.

Estudo comparativo da qualidade de vida de doentes com lúpus, artrite reumatoide e fibromialgia / Comparative study of quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and fibromyalgia

Introdução: Doenças reumatológicas são enfermidades que acometem o sistema locomotor e afetam a qualidade de vida dos portadores. Objetivos: Comparar a qualidade de vida naqueles com lúpus, artrite reumatoide e fibromialgia. Métodos: Estudo observacional no qual foi aplicado o Questionário de Qualidade de Vida SF-36 em 136 pacientes diagnosticados com lúpus, artrite reumatóide e fibromialgia. Resultados: Os com lúpus apresentaram menor limitação funcional e os artrite reumatóide apresentaram mais dor. A avaliação do estado geral de saúde (p=0,26), da vitalidade (p=0,09), da aspectos sociais (p=0,44), saúde emocional (p=0,82) não demonstraram relevância estatística. Conclusão: As 3 doenças reumáticas apresentam diminuição da QoL, mas os com mais dor foram os com artrite reumatóide, e os com menor limitação funcional os de lúpus.

Background: Rheumatologic illnesses are diseases that affect the locomotor system and decrease patient's quality of life. Objective: To compare quality of life in patients diagnosed with lupus, rheumatoid arthritis and fibromyalgia. Methods: Cross-sectional study with application of the SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire to 136 patients diagnosed with lupus, rheumatoid arthritis and fibromyalgia. Results: Patients with lupus had lower functional limitation and those with rheumatoid arthritis presented more pain. The assessment of general health status (p=0.26), vitality (p=0.09), social aspects (p=0.44), emotional health (p=0.82) did not show statistical relevance. Conclusion: The 3 rheumatic diseases showed a decrease in quality of life, but the one with the most pain was rheumatoid arthritis, and the lowest functional limitation was found in lupus.

Forensic Nursing competencies in disasters situations: scoping review / Competências de enfermagem forense em situações de desastres: revisão do escopo / Competencias de la enfermería forense en situaciones de catástrofes: scoping review

ABSTRACT Objective: To map sources of technical-scientific information on Forensic Nursing competencies in disasters situations. Method: Scoping review developed in accordance with the JBI methodology, carried out in three stages by two reviewers independently on selected databases and gray literature, using keywords and descriptors. After reading them in full, we proceeded with data extraction and content analysis of 28 publications. Results: Identified 24 publications in English, 20 of which were produced in the United States of America. 24 competencies of forensic nurses in disasters situations were mapped, including: training; resource management; link with the justice service; direct care; psycho-emotional care; collection and preservation of traces; registration and documentation with photography; body management; maintenance of the chain of custody; and epidemiological surveillance. Conclusion: The forensic nurse acts in all phases of disasters with the affected people, families and communities, under an interdisciplinary perspective. The development of competencies aimed at the practice of Forensic Nursing in disasters should be incorporated into the training strategies of these professionals, in order to obtain better response standards.

RESUMO Objetivo: Mapear fontes de informações técnico-científicas relativas às competências da Enfermagem Forense em situações de desastres. Método: Revisão de escopo desenvolvida de acordo com a metodologia JBI, realizada em três etapas por dois revisores, de forma independente, em bases de dados e literatura cinzenta selecionadas, utilizando palavras-chave e descritores. Depois de lê-los na íntegra, foi feita extração de dados e análise de conteúdo de 28 publicações. Resultados: Identificamos 24 publicações em inglês, das quais 20 foram produzidas nos Estados Unidos da América. Foram mapeadas 24 competências do enfermeiro forense em situações de desastres, entre elas: treinamento; gerenciamento de recursos; vínculo com o serviço de justiça; atendimento direto; atendimento psicoemocional; coleta e preservação de vestígios; registro e documentação com fotografia; gerenciamento de corpos; manutenção da cadeia de custódia; e vigilância epidemiológica. Conclusão: O enfermeiro forense atua em todas as fases dos desastres com as pessoas, famílias e comunidades afetadas, em uma perspectiva interdisciplinar. O desenvolvimento de competências voltadas para a prática da Enfermagem Forense em desastres deve ser incorporado às estratégias de treinamento desses profissionais, a fim de se obter melhores padrões de resposta.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Mapear las fuentes de información técnico-científica sobre competencias de Enfermería Forense en situaciones de catástrofes. Método: Scoping review desarrollada de acuerdo con la metodología del JBI, realizada en tres etapas por dos revisores de forma independiente sobre bases de datos y literatura gris seleccionadas, utilizando palabras clave y descriptores. Tras su lectura completa, se procedió a la extracción de datos y análisis de contenido de 28 publicaciones. Resultados: Se identificaron 24 publicaciones en inglés, 20 de ellas realizadas en Estados Unidos de América. Se mapearon 24 competencias de los enfermeros forenses en situaciones de catástrofes, entre ellas: formación; gestión de recursos; vínculo con el servicio de justicia; atención directa; atención psicoemocional; recogida y preservación de vestigios; registro y documentación con fotografía; gestión de cadáveres; mantenimiento de la cadena de custodia; y vigilancia epidemiológica. Conclusión: El personal de enfermería forense actúa en todas las fases de las catástrofes con las personas afectadas, familias y comunidades, en una perspectiva interdisciplinar. El desarrollo de competencias dirigidas a la práctica de la Enfermería Forense en catástrofes debe incorporarse a las estrategias de formación de estos profesionales, con el fin de obtener mejores estándares de respuesta.